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Document Type |
: |
Article In Journal |
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Document Title |
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Pollution control in pulp and paper industrial eZuents Pollution control in pulp and paper industrial eZuents |
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Subject |
: |
Pollution control in pulp and paper industrial eZuents |
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Document Language |
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English |
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Abstract |
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The main objective of the present study was to
improve the quality of pulp and paper industrial wastewater
of two local mills RAKTA and El-Ahlia, Alexandria,
Egypt, and to bring their pollutant contents to safe discharge
levels. Quality improvement was carried out using
integrated chemical and biological treatment approaches
after their optimization. Chemical treatment (alum, lime,
and ferric chloride) was followed by oxidation using hydrogen
peroxide and Wnally biological treatment using activated
sludge (90 min for RAKTA and 60 min for El-Ahlia
eZuents). Chemical coagulation produced low-quality
eZuents, while pH adjustment during coagulation treatment
did not enhance the quality of the eZuents. Maximum
removal of the tested pollutants was achieved using the
integrated treatment and the pollutants recorded residual
concentrations (RCs) of 34.67, 17.33, 0.13, and 0.43 mg/l
and 15.0, 11.0, 0.0, and 0.13 mg/l for chemical oxygen
demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), tannin
and lignin, and silica in RAKTA and El-Ahlia eZuents,
respectively, all of which were below their maximum permissible
limits (MPLs) for the safe discharge into water
courses. SpeciWc oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and sludge
volume index (SVI) values reXect good conditions and
healthy activated sludge. Based on the previous results,
optimized conditions were applied as bench scale on the
raw eZuents of RAKTA and El-Ahlia via the batch chemical
and the biological treatment sequences proposed. For
RAKTA eZuents, the sequence was as follows: (1) coagulation
with 375 mg/l FeCl3, (2) oxidation with 50 mg/l
hydrogen peroxide, and (3) biological treatment using activated
sludge with 2,000 mg/l initial concentration and
90 min hydraulic retention time (HRT), while for El-Ahlia
raw eZuents, the sequence was (1) coagulation with
250 mg/l FeCl3, (2) oxidation with 45 mg/l hydrogen peroxide,
and (3) biological treatment using activated sludge
with 2,000 mg/l initial concentration and 60 min HRT. In
conclusion, results conWrmed that the application of the
proposed sequential treatments removed almost all COD,
BOD5, high molecular weight compounds, and silica from
RAKTA and El-Ahlia inXuents and produced high-quality
eZuents, thus achieving the main objective of this study. |
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ISSN |
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00 |
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Journal Name |
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J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol |
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Volume |
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35 |
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Issue Number |
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11 |
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Publishing Year |
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1429 AH
2008 AD |
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Number Of Pages |
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13 |
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Article Type |
: |
Article |
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Added Date |
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Sunday, June 21, 2009 |
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